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v (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2..

W. D. SANDWELL.

BLBGTR'IG MOTOR FOR TRAMWAY VEHICLES. No. 401,970. Patented Apr. 23, 1889.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. D; SANDWBLL.

ELECTRIC MOTOR ECE TRAMWAY VEHICLES No. 401,970. N Patented Apr. 23, 1889.

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5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

Patented Apr. 23, 1889'.

W. D. SANDWBLL.

(No Medel.)

BLBCTRIG MOTOR PORTRAMWAY VEHICLES.

(No Model.)A 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

W. D. SANDWELL. BLEGTRIG MOTOR PoR TRAMWAY VEHICLES.

No. 401,970. Patented Apr. 23, 1889. j'g

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

IVILIIIAM I). SANDWELL, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

ELECTRlC MOTOR FOR TRAMWAY-VEHICLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 401,970, dated April 23, 1889.

Application filed March Z2, 1888. Serial No. 268,123- (No model.)

T0 @ZZ wiz/0m t may concern:

Be it known that I, \VILLIAM DANTON SAND- WELL, a subject of the Queen of Great Britian, residing at London, England, have invented new and useful.Improvements in Electric Motors t'or Driving 'lramway-'Vehicles, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to electric motors for driving train-ears.

In using an electric motor it is well-linown that after a time the armature will become heated. For this reason two machines are frequently employed, so that after the armat-ure of one machine has become heated Vit may be allowed to stand while it cools, the other machine being employed in the meantime. This arrangement has the defects that it is very expensive and that the machines are very heavy, which latter detect, when the motors are applied. to tramway-veliieles, is a great disadvantage.

The object ot .my present invention is to obtain all the advantages of two machines at a lower cost and with less weight than heretofore; and to this end my said invention comprises the improvements hereinafter described.

According to my said invention I employ two armatures in combination. with one set of field-magnets, so that after one armature is heated it can be replaced by the other. In practice I lind it very advantageous to move the magnets relatively to the armatures; but it is obvious that I can also move the armatures relatively to the magnets. The magnets or the armatures may be moved by any suitable meanstor instance, by screw-gearing or by racks and pinions.

In addition to the advantages hereinbefore mentioned the present invention possesses the further advantage that the armature which is not in Ause is not i nclosed within the Iieldmagnets, so that the air is free to circulate around the saine, whereby the cooling takes place more rapidly than would otherwise be the case.

To enable myinvention to be clearly understood, I will describe how it may bc carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a plan of a motor adapted to he applied to a tramway-vehicle tor driving the same; and Fig. is a plan of mechanism through the medium of which the power of the motor is communicated to one ot' the axles of the vehicle, the said figure forming a continuation of Fig. l from the dotted line. Fig. f5 is a sectional side elevation of the mechanism shown in Figs. l and 2, and Fig. et is an end View oi the same. Fig. 5 is a plan view illustrating the modification of my invention, wherein the armatures are adapted to be moved relatively to the lield-magnets- Referring to Figs. l and 4,60 is the frame of the motor, which frame has upwardly-extending brackets h (by means ot' which the motor can be suspended from the .floor of a tramwayvehicle7 as shown in Fig. 3) and slidebars d d are the field-magnets, which at their ends are provided with sockets c, adapted to slide upon the bars c, and f j" are rack-bars, which are connected with the said lield-magnets and in engagement with rack-pinions g g on a shaft, h, so that when the said sha ft is rotated the held-magnets can be caused to slide upon the bars ri in one or other direction, as desi red.

e' is the armatureshaft, which carries two armatures' 7,1, the said shaft being supported in bearings in the trame a.

7 l" are the commutators of the armatures 7.', respectively, and in m a n, are sets of brushes adapted to bear upon the same, the brushes mv m. bein designed to make contact with their respective commntators when the armatures are rotating in one direction and the brushes n yn. when they are rotatin in the opposite direction.

lt will be noticed that each commutator has two sets olf brushes in connection with it. In practice, however, I prefer to use one armature when traveling in one direction and the other when traveling in the opposite direction-Ior instance, the armature j when moving in the direction ot the arrow l, Fig. 3, and the armature 7i; when moving in the opposite direction. In this ease the brushes n n et the commutator v[and the brushes nt nl. of Ithe commuta tor Z can be drawn back within their holders. In case, however, that either armature becomes incapacitated the provision of two sets of brushes enables the remaining armature to IOO be used for traveling in both directions. 'In order to allow of placing one or other of thel sets of brushes in contact with the commutators, as desired, the brushes m m 'n n of each commutator are mounted upon a four-armed bracket, 0, fixed to the frame of the machine, and extensions on the brush-carriers are connected by links -p p to two arms, q q, of a three-armed lever having a slight rotary movement relatively to the shaft i. The other arm, fr, of the said three-armed lever is connected with a rod, s, through the medium of which the three-armed lever can be moved. When the rod s is moved in one direction,the brushcarriers and their brushes are caused to oscillate upon their pivots, thus moving one set of brushes into contact with the commutator and the other set out of contact, and vice versa.

The movement of the three-armed lever may be produced by any desirable means. As shown in the drawings,however, the movement is effected automatically at the same time that the field-magnets are being moved from one armature to the other. The movement in this case is effected through the medium of a pinion, t, engaging with the tooth-sector u, secured to a shaft, u', upon which are fixed two levers, v, attached at their free ends to the rods s s of the respective commntators The movement of the armature-shaft, las shown in the drawings, is communicated to the axle w of the vehicle through'the medium of the pulley the belt 0c', the pulleys m2, the shafts w3, and the gear-wheels .r4 engaging with other gear-wheels, 005, on the axle w. These constructions form the subject-matter of another application, filed February 13, 1889, Serial No. 299,744, in which they are particularly described and claimed.

In Figs. 2 and et I have shown three sets of gear-wheels, :r4 5v5, for enabling the motor to be run at a uniform speed notwithstanding the varying grades and curves of the road, whereby the efliciency of the motor is maintained.

rying a pulley, v032, over .either of which the belt can run according to the desired speed ,of the car relatively to the motor.

y is a belt-shipper, by means of which the belt can be placed upon either pulley, as rev Each gear-wheel m4 is mounted upon a separate shaft, m3, the three shafts tra being l arranged one Within the other, and each carc' e. O ne of these rods is screw-threaded, so

that by rotating the same the sliding frame with the armatures can be moved.

I would observe that I do not confine myself to the employment of any particular constructions of armature and field-magnets, as such constructions'may be varied as desired.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. The combination, with a tram-car, of an electric motor operatively connected therewith, consisting of field-magnets and two armatures, the said magnets and armatures being movable the one with relation to the other, whereby a movement of .magnets or armatures .reverses the direction of rotation of the armatures, substantially as .described- 2- The combination, vWit-h a tram-Car. .Of ,all electric motor operatively connected therewith, consisting of two armatures and fieldmagnets movable with relation thereto, a commntator for each of said armatures, movable brushes for said commutators and a connection between said brushes and said magnets, whereby a movement of said magnets reverses the direction of rotation yof said armatures, substantially as described.

` 3. In an electric motor, the combination, with two revoluble armatures, each provided with a ,commutator and movable brushes .for said commutator, of the movable iield-magnets, a shaft and connections between the same and saidmovable field-magnets, and connections between said shaft and said movable commutator-brushes, whereby a movemen-t of said shaft eifects a movement vof said field-magnets kand commutator-brushes, s ub- 's tantially as described.

4. In an electric motor, the combination, with two revoluble armatures, each provided with a commutator and movablev brushes for said commutatoi-S, of movable' vfield-m,aguets provided with rack-bars, a shaft provided with pinions ,engaging said rack-bars, a rockshaft 'plzorded with a segment and @Onntd with said movable brushes, land ya pinionon said shaft'engaging Vsaid segmenusubstantially as described.

5. In an electrick motor having field-niagnets and two armatures, Sldr fieldmagnets and armatures being the one movablein Vrelation to the other, `combined .with two commutators, each having two sets vof brushes, one set adapted to move the motor lin one direction and the other set'in the opposite direction, said brushes being movable in to and out o f position, substantially'as described. WV. D. SANDWELL. Witnesses: JOHN E. BOUSFIEVLD,

A. L. ALBUTT.

loo 

